child development 2023 pyq

 write short notes on any two of the following 

1 notion of tabula rasa

 tabula rasa refers to a philosophical idea that says humans are born without any built in mental concept that is all the knowledge it acquires is because of its own experiences and perceptions 

john locke an english philosopher argue that human mind at birth is like a blank slate and everything we come to knowis because of experience either through sensory input(sensation) or inner reflection (reflection)

this idea laid the foundation for modern theories of learning and behaviorism suggesting that environment and upbringing shape a person

critics argue that humans are born with certain predispositions such as language acquisition abilities eg noam chomsky theory of universal grammar

  jean piaget coagnitive constructivist belives that children think in qualitatively different ways from adults

rousseau children are noble savages if we do not corrupt them they would grow to create a perfect society 

freud experiences in early childhood could determine personality in lasting ways 

skinner all behaviour could be explaines as small incremental changes dur to experinces 

 

nature vs nurture                                                                                                                                           

The nature vs. nurture debate explores the relative impact of genetic inheritance (nature) and environmental influences (nurture) on a child's development.

Nature refers to the biological traits passed down from parents, including physical characteristics, temperament, and potential for intelligence. In contrast, nurture includes all external factors such as family environment, education, culture, and life experiences.

In child development, both aspects play a crucial role. For example, while a child may be born with a genetic predisposition for language, they need social interaction and exposure (nurture) to fully develop language skills.

Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist known for his theory of cognitive development, which explains how children construct a mental model of the world. His theory blends both nature and nurture, making it a great lens through which to view the nature vs. nurture debate

Piaget saw development as an interaction between innate abilities (nature) and experiences in the environment (nurture). Children are not passive learners—they actively build knowledge through interacting with the world around them.